Health & Nutrition > Common Equine Problems > Insects

Insects

What is it?

Insects not only annoy horses, they also spread diseases such as West Nile Virus and cause allergic reactions such as "sweet itch." While there is no way to completely eliminate these flying pests, a coordinated approach can significantly reduce their numbers.

What can be done about it?

The most obvious method of controlling insects is to use repellent designed to be sprayed or wiped directly on horses. Spot-ons are more concentrated repellent that is applied less frequently and may be more appropriate for pasture-kept horses. Fly masks, boots and sheets place a physical barrier between insects and the horse. Horses should be kept inside when insects are at their worst. Screens and fans can be used to provide inside horses with even more protection. Other methods to reduce insect numbers in the barn include fly traps, strips, sticks, bait, automatic misters, residual sprays and area foggers. Larvicides such as Fly Predators, mosquito dunks, dung beetles and nematodes are safe and effective if used properly. New feed-through larvicides such as Solitude, SimpliFly and Equitrol II are also very safe and effective. Many horseowners swear by such additional supplements as garlic, apple cider vinegar and diatomaceous earth.

What else do I need to know?

Managing the environment is every bit as important as managing the horse and his immediate area. All standing water on the farm must be eliminated because this is the breeding ground for some insects. Since other insects prefer wet organic matter such as soiled bedding, not only must stalls and paddocks be cleaned frequently, the material must be removed, covered or composted.